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ENGLISHSecurity chip industry research: the rapid development of security industry
Security SoC: the core of security equipment
Main security chip classification
The composition of the camera mainly includes lens, image sensor, image signal processor, its main functions are as follows:
lens: Its role is to focus light.
Image sensor: The photoelectric conversion function of the photoelectric device is used to convert the light image on the photoreceptor surface into an electrical signal corresponding to the proportion of the light image.
Image signal processor: Also known as ISP (Image Signal Process), it is used to process the output data of Image Sensor, For example, AEC (automatic Exposure control), AGC (Automatic gain control), AWB (Automatic White balance), color correction, Lens Shading, Gamma correction, eliminating bad spots, Auto Black Level, Auto White Level and so on.
Video surveillance system mainly includes front-end, back-end two types of equipment, according to the monitoring system is divided into two categories of four main chips. The front-end device completes the acquisition and processing of the original video signal, converts the image signal into analog/digital video signal, and transmits it to the back-end device. Back-end devices include control, display, storage and so on. SoC products mainly include three categories: front-end IPC SoC chip, back-end DVR SoC chip, and back-end NVR SoC core.
ISP: The key to the imaging quality of video surveillance cameras
The ISP determines the video surveillance camera imaging quality. The main function of ISP chip is to process the original image signal collected by the image sensor (CCD or CMOS) at the front end of the video surveillance camera, so that the image can be restored and enhanced. The output image processed by ISP chip can be directly displayed on the monitor or compressed and stored by digital hard disk Video recorder (DVR). The performance of ISP chip directly determines the imaging quality of video surveillance camera.
The ISP is the SoC core. An ISP is actually a SoC core, which contains CPU, SUP IP, IF and other units, which can run various algorithm programs to process image signals in real time. The control structure of ISP is composed of ISP logic and Firmware running on it. The logic unit not only performs some algorithm processing, but also statistics the real-time information of the current image. The Firmware obtains the image statistics information of ISP logic to recalculate, and feedback control Lens, Sensor and ISP logic to achieve the purpose of automatic adjustment of image quality.
IPC SoC: the most important object of security chip
IPC SoC (IPCamera) chip is the core of video surveillance network camera. IPC SoC usually includes ISP module and video coding module. The original video data collected by the image sensor in the front end of the camera is processed by the ISP module, and then sent to the video coding module for compression.
The development of IPC SoC has gone through several stages, and the product performance has been improved in all directions. The first stage is mainly to improve the image processing ability, product automatic exposure control ability, automatic white balance ability, color correction ability, correction ability, eliminate bad point ability to continuously improve. The second phase focuses on the improvement of IPC coding processing capacity. With the decrease of bandwidth and storage space consumption, the overall cost of IPC decreases. With the development of AI technology, the third stage is coming, intelligence is advancing, and the application field of IPC is expanding.
Video decompression code with high compression ratio and VCA chip has become a trend. The improvement of surveillance camera pixels has brought great pressure to line transmission and back-end storage, so the requirements for video coding and decoding technology are also increasing. The new standard H.265 (HEVC) will become the mainstream technology of encoding and decoding in the future. Facing the pressure of data transmission and back-end storage, IPC SoC manufacturers begin to divide part of the analysis function to the front-end chip, and the IPC SoC with VCA (video content analysis) function has become a trend.
DVR SoC: integrates encoding, decoding, compression and storage
DVR(DigitalVideoRecorder), namely digital video recorder, low cost, network remote monitoring is limited. The front-end equipment adopts analog camera, and the back-end adopts digital recording technology. DVR integrates video recorder, screen divider, pan-tilt-zoom lens control, alarm control and other functions in one, which facilitates the composition of a small monitoring system. However, due to the limitations of technical architecture, digital hard disk video recorder can not solve the network remote monitoring environment transmission and multi-channel simultaneous monitoring, high integration of centralized monitoring and other issues, is not suitable for the new monitoring system ready to upgrade to the requirements of remote video transmission (more than 1 ~ 2 km) system. DVR SoC digitizes, encodes, compresses and stores analog audio and video signals.
Main security chip classification
The composition of the camera mainly includes lens, image sensor, image signal processor, its main functions are as follows:
lens: Its role is to focus light.
Image sensor: The photoelectric conversion function of the photoelectric device is used to convert the light image on the photoreceptor surface into an electrical signal corresponding to the proportion of the light image.
Image signal processor: Also known as ISP (Image Signal Process), it is used to process the output data of Image Sensor, For example, AEC (automatic Exposure control), AGC (Automatic gain control), AWB (Automatic White balance), color correction, Lens Shading, Gamma correction, eliminating bad spots, Auto Black Level, Auto White Level and so on.
Video surveillance system mainly includes front-end, back-end two types of equipment, according to the monitoring system is divided into two categories of four main chips. The front-end device completes the acquisition and processing of the original video signal, converts the image signal into analog/digital video signal, and transmits it to the back-end device. Back-end devices include control, display, storage and so on. SoC products mainly include three categories: front-end IPC SoC chip, back-end DVR SoC chip, and back-end NVR SoC core.
ISP: The key to the imaging quality of video surveillance cameras
The ISP determines the video surveillance camera imaging quality. The main function of ISP chip is to process the original image signal collected by the image sensor (CCD or CMOS) at the front end of the video surveillance camera, so that the image can be restored and enhanced. The output image processed by ISP chip can be directly displayed on the monitor or compressed and stored by digital hard disk Video recorder (DVR). The performance of ISP chip directly determines the imaging quality of video surveillance camera.
The ISP is the SoC core. An ISP is actually a SoC core, which contains CPU, SUP IP, IF and other units, which can run various algorithm programs to process image signals in real time. The control structure of ISP is composed of ISP logic and Firmware running on it. The logic unit not only performs some algorithm processing, but also statistics the real-time information of the current image. The Firmware obtains the image statistics information of ISP logic to recalculate, and feedback control Lens, Sensor and ISP logic to achieve the purpose of automatic adjustment of image quality.
IPC SoC: the most important object of security chip
IPC SoC (IPCamera) chip is the core of video surveillance network camera. IPC SoC usually includes ISP module and video coding module. The original video data collected by the image sensor in the front end of the camera is processed by the ISP module, and then sent to the video coding module for compression.
The development of IPC SoC has gone through several stages, and the product performance has been improved in all directions. The first stage is mainly to improve the image processing ability, product automatic exposure control ability, automatic white balance ability, color correction ability, correction ability, eliminate bad point ability to continuously improve. The second phase focuses on the improvement of IPC coding processing capacity. With the decrease of bandwidth and storage space consumption, the overall cost of IPC decreases. With the development of AI technology, the third stage is coming, intelligence is advancing, and the application field of IPC is expanding.
Video decompression code with high compression ratio and VCA chip has become a trend. The improvement of surveillance camera pixels has brought great pressure to line transmission and back-end storage, so the requirements for video coding and decoding technology are also increasing. The new standard H.265 (HEVC) will become the mainstream technology of encoding and decoding in the future. Facing the pressure of data transmission and back-end storage, IPC SoC manufacturers begin to divide part of the analysis function to the front-end chip, and the IPC SoC with VCA (video content analysis) function has become a trend.
DVR SoC: integrates encoding, decoding, compression and storage
DVR(DigitalVideoRecorder), namely digital video recorder, low cost, network remote monitoring is limited. The front-end equipment adopts analog camera, and the back-end adopts digital recording technology. DVR integrates video recorder, screen divider, pan-tilt-zoom lens control, alarm control and other functions in one, which facilitates the composition of a small monitoring system. However, due to the limitations of technical architecture, digital hard disk video recorder can not solve the network remote monitoring environment transmission and multi-channel simultaneous monitoring, high integration of centralized monitoring and other issues, is not suitable for the new monitoring system ready to upgrade to the requirements of remote video transmission (more than 1 ~ 2 km) system. DVR SoC digitizes, encodes, compresses and stores analog audio and video signals.
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